L.C. Nehru and C. Sanjeeviraja

 

School of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 004, India.

The fabrication of transition metal oxides with nano structure has been the target of scientific interests in recent years because of their unique properties and fascinating applications in optoelectronics, devices and biomedical science. Among these oxides, ZnO, SnO2, ZnSnO3, Zn2SnO4, AgO, CuO, NiO and TiO nanostructure has attracted considerable interest in many areas of chemistry, physics and material science. It's having attracted extra attention due to their broad range of applications in sensors, catalysts, solar cells, transparent conductive oxides, optoelectronic devices, piezoelectric devices, antibacterial treatment and additive in many industrial products. So the researchers exert much effort in continuing to focus on investigating them for technological applications due to their unusual physical and chemical properties, which differ significantly from those of conventional bulk materials from the standpoint of their extremely small size or large specific surface area. Generally nanoscale particles possess different physical, chemical properties, better sinter ability, and larger catalytic activity and other unique properties may be expected because their nano-sized crystallites are high surface area with different surface defect properties etc. So the technological importance of metal oxides has motivated several studies on the synthesis of this material using various methods, such as pulse laser deposition, vapor phase transparent process, thermal evaporation, aqueous solution deposition, chemical vapor deposition, vapor transparent deposition, template-based growth, sol–gel and combustion synthesis have been developed for the preparation of nano metal oxides. However, these methods require specific apparatus, vacuum conditions and chemical costs, respectively. Compared to the conventional methods, the microwave synthesis has the advantages of producing small particle size metal oxides with high purity owing to short reaction time. Microwave-assisted synthesis is a novel method to produce materials, since microwave heating is an in situ mode of energy conversion and the microwave heating process is fundamentally different from conventional heating processes. Heat will be generated internally within the material, instead of originating from external sources.

With this aim, in this paper, we report a simple method for the preparation of metal oxide (such as ZnO, SnO2, AgO, CuO, NiO and TiO) nanoparticles by using microwave-assisted combustion synthesis process to fast, mild, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly rout to produce metal oxide nano particles using different organic fuels.

 

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