OPTIMIZATION OF SENSING PARAMETERS FOR DETECTION OF DOXORUBICIN USING POLYMER-MODIFIED SCREEN-PRINTED ELECTRODES
Iva Dimitrievska, Perica Paunovic, Anita Grozdanov
University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 1000 Skopje,
Rugjer Boshkovikj 16, North Macedonia
Abstract:
Precise detection and monitoring of doxorubicin in biological samples is essential for effective therapeutic management and minimizing adverse effects associated with chemotherapy. Doxorubicin, a widely used anticancer agent in the treatment of various malignancies, requires careful monitoring due to its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity and potential for severe side effects. This study investigates the application of polymer-modified screen-printed graphene electrodes, specifically those modified with polyvinylidene fluoride and chitosan, for sensitive detection of doxorubicin in simulated biological environments.
Electrochemical analysis was performed using cyclic voltammetry to evaluate the performance of the modified electrodes and compare it to commercial unmodified electrodes at three different pH values (4.0, 6.7, and 11.0). The optimization of pH conditions revealed that the polymer-modified electrodes demonstrate enhanced sensitivity through improved adsorption and hydrophobic interactions, especially when tested at pH 6.7, which closely mimics the physiological conditions of human blood. The chitosan-modified electrode exhibited the lowest limit of detection and limit of quantification among the tested electrodes, with values of 9.822 and 32.741 µmol L-1, respectively, within a linear concentration range from 1.5 to 7.4 µmol L-1. Moreover, all modified electrodes demonstrated excellent stability, reproducibility, and repeatability under optimized conditions. These results highlight the potential of polymer-modified graphene electrodes as cost-effective and rapid tools for monitoring doxorubicin levels in biological samples, contributing to improved therapeutic monitoring and personalized dosage management in cancer treatment. The optimized sensing parameters established in this study provide a foundation for the development of point-of-care devices for real-time clinical detection of doxorubicin.
Keywords: doxorubicin, polyvinylidene fluoride, chitosan, screen-printed electrodes, therapeutic monitoring, biological samples
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