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 Nano Material: Friend, Foe, or Still Unknown?
 

Silver Too Small to See, but Everywhere You Look. Silver has historically been used as a way to prevent bacterial infections. A biomedical engineer from North Carolina State University decided to test a new bandage coated with silver on herself after suffering from an infected wound refusing to heal. Although the bandage wasn’t using silver on the nano scale, many products being developed and on the market today are manufactured with silver nanoparticles including clothing, linens, stuffed animals, and food containers. Nanotechnology in materials research is improving the durability and functionality of many products; however, some scientists worry about evidence that the nanoparticles may cause unexpected environmental harm and possible health issues. The ultimate goal is for scientists to figure out the best way to use nanosilver and protect the environment at the same time. Can a “Drinkable Book” Solve the World’s Water Crisis? Can you really pour contaminated water through paper and produce drinkable water? Scientists and engineers from Carnegie Mellon and the University of Virginia have worked to develop a drinkable book that not only teaches people about water contamination and diseases but also serves as a tool to provide clean drinking water. Each book is printed on advanced filter paper coated with silver nanoparticles giving the paper its orange coloration, which is capable of killing waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and E. coli. Costing only cents to produce, each filter (a single sheet of paper) is capable of filtering water for up to 30 days and each book can provide up to 4 years of safe drinking water.   New Mechanism Discovered for Gecko Adhesion. Research into materials that mimic the adhesive properties of the most adept climbers, the gecko, have previously incorporated the feature of tiny cilia-like hairs, or nanofibers, to copy the surface of geckos’ feet. While the idea of these hairs worked well for adhesion to certain surfaces like glass, the adhesive did not work well for all surfaces like drywall or brick. Researchers from the University of Massachusetts Amherst decided to “go back to the gecko” to investigate what was under the skin of geckos’ feet and found that their tendons connected directly from the skin to the bone, unlike humans, allowing them to maintain stiff connections on surfaces. With this new understanding of gecko anatomy, researchers integrated both soft elastic material and stiff fibers of glass or carbon fiber to create an adhesive material that can stick to any surface that is perpendicular to the floor, maintains a high stiffness, and just like the gecko, releases easily when pulled directly away from the surface.

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