Scientists from the Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI), Russia, have proposed a new method for surface modification of titanium, giving it the unique optical and mechanical properties, as well as improving the biocompatibility of the sample. Implants made of nanocrystalline titanium with the new biocompatible coating are currently in preclinical testing. Proposed modifications of the method of producing the titanium coating consists of irradiating the surface of the nanocrystalline titanium using femtosecond laser, causing the formation of periodic structures with dimension scale ranging from submicron to micron. As a result of accomplished studies, it was found that by varying the laser emission parameters, it was possible to control the sizes of occurring structures, and hence the properties of the material, while maintaining the unique mechanical properties of nanocrystalline material. Figure 1. Image of the titanium surface with nanometer-scale quasiperiodical relief imaged by scanning electron microscopy. “We decided to explore this area together with our colleagues from the Center for Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology of the Belgorod State University, led by professor Yuri Kolobov Romanovich. His staff successfully studied the creation and practical applications of nanocrystalline titanium, which is attractive, first of all, for its unique mechanical properties – high strength and super-plasticity. However, for biomedical applications
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