CdS nanoparticles in colloidal solution using metallorganic route and under UV radiation.
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Luminescence is a consecuense of electronic transitions in semiconductor nanoparticles. Electrons localized in chemical bonds are released when absorb higher energy than the corresponding bond energy. Once released, electrons are free in the crystalline structure, certain time interval until a broken chemical bond catch it. Thinking in energy terms, electrons jump to higher level and after decay, returning part of the absorbed energy in light. In quantum dots, similar process occur, but slighly more complex. The emission of these CdS particles is due to electronic transitions from chemical bonds to insaturated bonds localized on nanoparticle surface. Due to crystal size, light emitted is visible, because you needed more energy to realise the electrons compared to micro or macroscopic CdS, and then you get yellow tonality.